[6] The shoots are orange-brown and glabrous. Small saplings can be grown in containers, but always with the goal of planting them outside as soon as the root system is established. It has a pyramidal or conical habit with a strong central leader and pendulous branches. 10 am to 4 pm. It has never suffered any snow damage in 20 years. The mature cones are silvery brown,4 to 6 inches long, and hang down as they mature. Norway spruce trees support a wide variety of wildlife. Mature Size The Norway spruce grows to a height of 40-60' and a spread of 25-30' at maturity. GROWTH SHAPE: Narrow Upright or Fastigiate In my urban area yard is a Norway Spruce nearly 20 years old. He describes himself as a "tree-hugging dirt worshipper" who is a member of multiple gardening societies and foundations. Even on bigger trees try to allow only one leader, for if you have two trunks form one can be broken off in a strong wind. The female flowers are purple and upright. Published on July 26th 2019 by Sahana Kanjilal under Spruce. The Arbor Day Foundation is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit conservation and education organization. Water the roots profusely and add 3 to 4 inches of organic mulch to help preserve moisture. It is a native of Europe where it grows throughout the region and is the most common evergreen in the Alps area in Europe, the Black Forest of Germany, and the Carpathian mountains of Romania, Serbia and Ukraine. Water when the top half-inch of the soil is dry. Once established, the weeping Norway spruce is very low-maintenance. Do Norway spruce trees drop their needles? When you remove the seeds from the refrigerator, soak them in water for 24 hours; discard any seeds that float. form a strategic partnership called N.C. Andrew Hughes is a certified arborist, member of the International Society of Arborists specializing in tree heal care, and reviews tree content on The Spruce's Gardening Review Board. Enjoy access to exclusive content, Conifer Database, garden visits, Conifer Q&A Forums, nursery tours with member discounts on unusual cultivars, scholarships for hort students and more. Cesarini' (Colorado Spruce), Picea pungens 'Regal Chub' (Colorado Spruce), Picea pungens 'Hoopsii' (Colorado Spruce), Native Plant Alternatives to Picea abies (Norway Spruce), Want Garden Inspiration? Cookies, This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google, Picea pungens 'Globosa' (Colorado Spruce), Picea pungens 'The Blues' (Colorado Spruce), Picea pungens 'Mrs. Learn tips for creating your most beautiful home and garden ever. A slow grower, 1 in. 40 to 60 feet tall needled evergreen, conical, upright branches when young andpendulous branches as it matures, needles are up to 1-inch long, green, four-sided, saber-like, and arranged on the branch in rows, cones are pendulous,green to violet when young, and as it ripens theyturn silvery-brown and measure4 to 6 inches long withrounded scales. Because the weeping Norway spruce is cold-hardy, this plant adds visual interest year-round, even in areas with very cold winters. Mature height 40-60 feet; Mature width 25-30 feet; Light exposure Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily), . Its eastern limit in Russia is hard to define, due to extensive hybridization and inter-gradation with the Siberian spruce (Picea obovata), but is usually given as the Ural Mountains. Because of its potential size, Norway spruce is not a tree for smaller yards. With its dense needles, conical shape and pretty green color (blue-green on "Blue Wonder"), this spruce can . This tree will be used by birds, moths, and some small mammals. The tree shouldn't need much in the way of pruning, unless they are exposed to high winds, in which case it can benefit from regular reductions to reduce the sail area. Join in The Morton Arboretum's mission to plant and protect trees for a greener, healthier, and more beautiful world. per year (30 cm), this eye-catching Norway Spruce makes a wonderful specimen in the sunny border. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2023 (Coniferous Forest). Picea abies 'Cupressina' is a fast growing, narrow, columnar, tree-form of Norway spruce with reasonably dense, fastigiate branching holding attractive dark green needles that assume a bluish cast in winter in colder climates. The 4 to 6-inch cones hang gracefully from the tree, which is one important distinguishing feature to help identify the genus Picea. When planting in a landscape with other trees, shrubs, or plants, remember that Norway spruce does not do well with plantings under its dripline due to the tree's extensive shallow spreading root system. Due to its shape, heavy snow and ice storms cause little damage. A million members, donors, and partners support our programs to make our world greener and healthier. Look for a position that receives at least six hours of sun per day. Height: 40 to 60 ft. Width: 25 to 30 ft. Common characteristics: The Norway Spruce is a medium-sized conifer, it can reach heights of 40' to 60' tall and 25' to 30' wide. Some may need a wide-open space, but others can tolerate and grow well in a rock garden. Norway spruce can grow 15 feet in height in 10 years. On initial planting, you may want to test your soil to see if amendments need to be added to aid in acidity. The species name reflects early confusion between the spruces, Additions to the International Conifer Register. Insects, Diseases, and Other Problems: Potential insect pests for theNorway spruce include aphids, bagworms, budworms, borers, and red spider mites. They are susceptible to cytospora canker, wood decay, needle cast, and rust. RECOMMENDED HARDINESS ZONES: and the mature size (40 to 60 feet tall and 10 to 20 feet wide) won't overtake most landscapes. The twigs are orangish-brown and then turn grayish-brown. The best anyone can do is to note whether it's a fast, medium or slow-growing conifer and then list the size of a plant they've observed. . (zones 3-7). Gently cover the seed with soil. After pollination, the flower turns green and hangs downward as the cone ripen. All rights reserved. Norway Spruce. Notice weed and grass control around tree, very important for good growth. Description: The Norway Spruce may be one of the most iconic trees to exist. Song birds and fur bearers also frequent these forest types. The plants are drought tolerant once established, but they will require supplemental water during times of extended dry spells. Site suitability can vary wildly depending on if you choose a natural Norway spruce or a cultivar. 2.2. As an avid gardener myself, I've learned that it's better to overestimate the ultimate size rather than underestimate. Norway Spruce Circumference: 143'' Height: 116' Crown Spread: 68' Location: Freeport As its name implies, Norway spruce is not native to Maine. Personal menu . Insect pests to watch for include aphids, bagworms, budworms, and borers. If you are pruning, because its location is vulnerable to high winds or because of dead and diseased branches, take care to make pruning cuts just outside the branch collar; do not leave stubs. 4) for different canopy height classes of Norway spruce [canopy class 1 (left column), canopy class 2 (middle column), and canopy class 3 (right column). Seed cones are about 6 inches long. The Norway spruce grows in acidic, loamy, moist, sandy, well-drained and clay soils. They do not tolerate full shade. Size Tolerance Exposure Use Tree Pests Credits Norway Spruce Picea abies. When planting a Norway spruce, dig a hole twice the width of the depth of the root ball or container. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) Menu. Norway spruce tree tops provide protection for many birds, such as hawks, owls, and other birds of prey. Mature Height: 40-60 Feet Features: Evergreen needles; graceful, pendulous branches. In areas where the summer can be hot and dry (Nebraska, Montana, Wyoming) they will not do well unless they have adequate moisture, for best growth rates they should have 25 of rain per year or more. Performs well in rich sandy soils. BLUE SPRUCE 45 A The thin scales are irregularly toothed and cylindrical. Your email address will not be published. Birds Nest Norway spruce(Picea abiesNidiformis ):This cultivar is much smaller than the species (3 to 6 feet high and wide). It is 10 feet tall with a growth rate of 12 inches a year. Hardy to USDA Zone 3 cold hardiness limit between -40 and -30F (-39.9 and -34.4C). The Arboretum has the expertise and advice to help you beautify your home landscape, improve your community, and advocate for trees. The crown width increased with increasing dominant height, but decreased with increasing height-diameter ratio, height to crown base, and competition among the trees within a stand. Sundays. I recommend taking off only one inch of the growth from last year, as this puts the least stress on the tree and will accomplish what you want to do. A 2 tall potted tree can be over 10 ft tall in 5 years, in good soil, with adequate moisture and weed and grass control around the base. Perfect for getting that new windbreak started. Use a balanced fertilizer designed for trees and shrubs. It is able to take more moisture than other species and should be considered where soils can stay moist and where the land is level and does not drain as well. This publication made possible through a grant from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. For information about our privacy practices, please visit our website. After X-Mas the tree is cut into lumber and used to build a house. This cultivar has a broad-spreading pyramidal form and may top out at 20 feet high. Search. The commonest tree used for Christmas trees in the United Kingdom, despite its poor suitability for this purpose, with the leaves soon shed as it dries out. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link in the footer of our emails. They are tall and straight and of a triangular appearance, with a pointed crown. Remember to always plant shallow rather than deep, as you are planting the roots, not the trunk. Siberian spruce is known to be its subspecies but scientists are researching about it as the two trees are extremely similar. This spruce prefers to be grown in average, acidic,well-drained soils in full sun. The Norway spruce will thrive in rich and sandy soil. It has small flowers on male and female trees. Telling the Norway spruce apart from the Douglas fir is sometimes a tricky task. For starters, the Norway Spruce Tree can grow to a large height in as little as three years. Picea abies, as described in 1881 by (Linnus) Hermann Karsten (1817 - 1908), in Deutsche Flora. Enter keywords to search on the arboretum map. They will grow in a soil PH of up to 9 but does prefer a 7.5 and lower for best growth rates. The remaining seeds can be planted in containers filled with moist but not soggy soil. This database was developed and is maintained by dedicated volunteers. 3 pictures total. Cones are cylindrical, they are 4 to 6 inches long, purplish-green changing to light brown as they ripen. Birds, moths, and small mammals are attracted to this tree. Its cascading branches are covered in dark green, fragrant needles. Mature Size The Norway spruce grows to a height of 40-60' and a spread of 25-30' at maturity. multiple rows 26 or more apart with the trees staggered from the other row. This form is more rounded than that of Birds Nest Spruce. Where to find it Value to wildlife Uses and mythology Threats Quick facts Common name: Norway spruce Scientific name: Picea abies Family: Pinaceae Origin: non-native Norway spruce is a fast-growing evergreen conifer which can reach 40m and live for up to 1,000 years. The pyramid-shape makes it as a viable choice for Christmas trees. At 20 years old, your Norway spruce is still young. Thanks! Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Norway Spruce rarely need to be trimmed but it can be done to help even out the growth. How can one part of the article say at 10 years they grow to 6 feet at maturity, then in the actual description it says greater than 12 feet after 10 years? Bad seeds will float, so only use seeds that sink. It is more tolerant of heavy snow loads. It is now 40 feet tall and circa 6 feet wide at my chest height. The models showed that after DBH, height-diameter ratio for Norway spruce and HDOM for European beech showed the largest contribution to the models. Growth rates are extremely variable. It will grow to 100+ ft tall and 25+ ft wide, it is very wind firm due to its large spreading root system, and tough flexible wood. Deep soak waterings are more beneficial than short and frequent ones. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. It is susceptible to Cytospora canker and Rhizosphaera needle cast. Norway Spruce grow everywhere in Europe, and commonly called the Mountain Spruce there. Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device. This is a slow-growing weeping evergreen that can be planted in spring or early fall. The female flowers are reddish-pink and upright. Norway spruce grows best planted in full sun and does poorly planted in the shade. In all situations, it makes a great conversation piece. My tree is about 20+ feet tall and is the central figure in my fenced yardI dearly want to take care of itthis year I see the branches look a little sad and weakso I am curiouswhat should I be looking for and how is it treated? The male flowers are yellowish-brown and appear in clusters along the stems. Old Tjikko, a clone of Norway spruce is believed to be 9, 550 years old, being the oldest living tree in the world. A fast grower, over 12 in. These evergreens are not often bothered by pests or diseases, though they may have trouble with aphids and red spider mites. West Virginia lists this species on their state list of invasive species. GROWTH SIZE: Large: greater than 12 inches (30 cm) per year / greater than 12 feet (4 m) after 10 years, Explore trinomials in the Picea abies species, Sign up for our free quarterly E-newsletter List. Native: Albania, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Bulgaria, Central European Russia, Czechoslovakia, East European Russia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Northern European Russian, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, and Yugoslavia. The cones of the fir tree are upright; whereas, the cones of the Norway spruce are pendulous. The Norway spruce grows to a height of 4060' and a spread of 2530' at maturity. Attribution from: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, RECOMMENDED HARDINESS ZONES: Taking a cutting from a young and pliable branch is the best way to propagate Norway spruce. Its strong branches are able to hold up the thousands of lights and ornaments, and being outside the needles stay on the tree for a long time. The Norway spruceis a medium-sized evergreen conifer that reaches a height of 40 to 60 feet tall and is up to25 to 30 feet wide. They look for the largest, most beautiful tree they can find. ORIGIN: Wild Origin Norway Spruce. We assessed the structural root-plate dimensions of wind-thrown Norway spruce on freely drained mineral and drained deep peat soils at four trial sites in Latvia, and root-plate measurements. Deer will not normally eat this species unless there is nothing else available. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. 1-gallon container will be delivered at a height of 8"- 1' . The Norway Spruce is our favorite and best large evergreen for windbreaks in the eastern 2/3 of America, and in much of the world in the proper climate. Forests of Norway Spruce thrive in USDA Zone 3,4 or 5, depending on where they grow. Fast-Growing Evergreens for Privacy, Windbreaks, and Landscaping. For Ecol Manage 366:208-220. Watering may be done weekly, but be sure not to overwater. Forest floor and mineral soil samples were collected at each plot in the interception points of an approximate 5 5-m grid established within the 1500 m 2 selected area. Rarely to never fed on by Japanese beetles. It is native to northern and central Europe. Hope that helps. A best practice is to check the soil before watering and only water when the first few inches of the soil are dry. Only plants will be removed from the collection. Norway spruce grows naturally throughout Europe from Norway in the northwest and Poland eastward, and also in the mountains of central Europe, southwest to the western end of the Alps, and southeast in the Carpathians and Balkans to the extreme north of Greece. . Create pleasing contrasts in your spring garden. Prune out the affected branches. Missouri Botanical Garden. After 10 years of growth, a mature specimen will measure 6 feet (2 m) tall and 2 feet (60 cm) wide, an annual growth rate of 6 to 8 inches (15 - 20 cm). Required fields are marked *. Because of its potential size, Norway spruce is not a tree for smaller yards. When potting saplings or seeds, make sure the container is large enough to allow for the growth of the root ball. Know Before You Go: Important information and helpful hints for your next visit, Small shrub (3-5 feet), Medium shrub (5-8 feet), Large tree (more than 40 feet), Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily), Partial sun / shade (4-6 hrs light daily), Zone 3, Zone 4, Zone 5 (Northern Illinois), Zone 6 (City of Chicago), Zone 7, Picea abies (L.) Karsten (Norway spruce), growth habit, evergreen tree form, Picea abies (L.) Karsten (Norway spruce), cones, Picea abies (L.) Karsten (Norway spruce), leaves, Picea abies (L.) Karsten (Norway spruce), bark.
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